Daily Health Care

When immature blood cells (blasts) are proliferating, ie, they reproduce uncontrollably in the bone marrow and accumulate both there and in blood, achieved replacing normal cells. This uncontrolled proliferation is called leukemia.

Cause of Leukemia

The cause of leukemia is unknown in most cases. However, it is shown that a condition is not hereditary or contagious. Most often occurs in previously healthy children. Being a proliferation of immature and abnormal cells in the blood, leukemia is considered a “blood cancer”.

Symptom of Leukemia

Early symptoms include fatigue, poor appetite and intermittent fever. As the condition progresses there is pain in the bones as a result of the multiplication of leukemic cells in the bone marrow. It also appears anemia, whose features include pallor, fatigue and poor exercise tolerance, the result of reduced red blood cells.

Also, the reduced number of platelets causes hemorrhaging and the mottling of the skin (petechiae) or large bruises as a result of bleeding caused by minor strokes. In addition, there may be bleeding through nose, mouth or rectum. One of the most serious bleeding is occurring at the brain, which can occur if the platelet count falls in severe form. Another possible consequence is the decline in the number of white blood cells (leukocytes), a situation that affects the child’s defenses against infection.

Type of Leukemia

There are four main types of leukemia, known as a function of the rate of progression and the type of white blood cell they affect. Acute leukemias progress rapidly develop chronic leukemia is slow. Lymphatic leukemias affect lymphocytes, myeloid leukemias (myeloid) affect the myelocytes. Myelocytes become granulocytes, another way of calling neutrophils.

Diagnostic of Leukemia

It is difficult to diagnosis of leukemia when she starts since his first symptoms are similar to those of other typical childhood illnesses. These symptoms are tiredness, poor appetite and intermittent fever. It is because of this that parents are to blame for the delay in diagnosis, even when the doctor is difficult to recognize this situation in its first stage.

Treatment of Leukemia

The recommended treatment for this type of condition is chemotherapy. In it are used for various special drugs to destroy leukemia cells. This treatment has three phases: remission induction, the consolidation and maintenance. In the phase of remission induction, the duration is four to five weeks, they try to destroy as many cancer cells. When remission occurs, ie the temporary control of the condition, the child usually look normal, because the symptoms of leukemia disappeared. Sometimes the reference is only partial, for this reason some do not disappear altogether. Only a small percentage of the relatives can not go into remission. The consolidation phase lasts two to three weeks, while the maintenance should be done to complete three years of treatment.

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